Spinal Fusion

1. What is Spinal Fusion?

Spinal fusion is an operation in which two or more adjacent vertebrae are joined using bone graft and, when required, screws, rods, plates, or cages to create a stable segment of the spine.

2. When is Spinal Fusion recommended?

It may be considered for spinal instability, severe degenerative disease, spondylolisthesis, spinal deformity, certain fractures, recurrent disc problems, tumours, infections, or other conditions where stabilization of the spine is required.

3. How is Spinal Fusion performed?

The surgeon accesses the affected spinal segment using an appropriate surgical approach, decompresses nerves when necessary, places bone graft and spinal implants, and aligns and stabilizes the vertebrae so that fusion can develop over time.

4. What are the main types of Spinal Fusion?

Depending on the location and condition, fusion may be performed through anterior, posterior, lateral, or combined approaches. Common procedures include ACDF in the cervical spine and various lumbar fusion techniques such as TLIF, PLIF, ALIF, and lateral lumbar fusion.

5. Are screws and rods always required?

Instrumentation is commonly used to stabilize the spine while the bone fusion develops, but the exact implants depend on the surgical technique, spinal level, bone quality, and patient's condition.

6. How long does Spinal Fusion surgery take?

Operating time varies significantly according to the spinal region, number of levels, and complexity. Hospitalization may range from a few days to longer for extensive procedures or patients requiring additional monitoring.

7. What are the benefits?

Successful fusion can stabilize an unstable spinal segment, relieve nerve-related symptoms when combined with decompression, correct certain deformities, and reduce pain associated with appropriate spinal conditions.

8. What are the risks?

Potential complications include infection, bleeding, nerve or spinal cord injury, blood clots, dural tear, implant problems, non-union or failed fusion, adjacent-segment degeneration, and persistent or recurrent symptoms.

9. Why consider Spinal Fusion in India?

India has experienced spine surgeons, advanced imaging and navigation systems, modern spinal implants, minimally invasive and conventional surgical options, and comparatively affordable treatment costs for international patients.

10. How can Medavelle help?

Medavelle can facilitate preliminary review of MRI/CT scans and medical records, connect patients with an appropriate spine specialist, coordinate surgical treatment at a suitable hospital, obtain an individualized cost estimate, and assist with travel, accommodation, hospital coordination, and rehabilitation arrangements in India.