RIRS

1. What is RIRS?

RIRS, or Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery, is an endoscopic procedure used to treat stones located inside the kidney. A thin flexible ureteroscope is passed through the urethra and bladder into the ureter and kidney.

2. When is RIRS recommended?

RIRS may be recommended for kidney stones that are too large, difficult to access, or unsuitable for simpler treatments such as shock-wave lithotripsy. It is also useful for multiple or strategically located renal stones.

3. How is RIRS performed?

The surgeon introduces a flexible ureteroscope through the urinary tract and visualizes the stone. A laser, commonly a holmium or thulium laser, fragments the stone into smaller pieces that can be removed or allowed to pass naturally.

4. Does RIRS require an incision?

No. RIRS is performed through the natural urinary passage and generally does not require an external surgical incision.

5. Is a ureteral stent required?

A temporary ureteral stent may be placed after the procedure to facilitate urine drainage and allow the ureter to heal. It is usually removed later according to the surgeon's recommendation.

6. How long does RIRS take?

The procedure commonly takes around 1–2 hours, although larger or multiple stones may require more time. Hospital stay is usually short, and many patients can return home within a day or according to their recovery.

7. What are the benefits of RIRS?

RIRS offers a minimally invasive approach with no external incision, relatively short recovery, and the ability to treat stones in different parts of the kidney. It can also be used for stones that are difficult to reach with other techniques.

8. What are the risks?

Possible complications include blood in the urine, urinary infection, fever, ureteral injury, residual stone fragments, stent-related discomfort, and, rarely, ureteral stricture or other significant complications.

9. Why consider RIRS in India?

India has experienced urologists, advanced endourology facilities, modern laser systems, flexible ureteroscopes, and comparatively affordable treatment costs for international patients.

10. How can Medavelle help?

Medavelle can arrange preliminary review of imaging and medical records, connect patients with an experienced urologist, coordinate hospital treatment, obtain an individualized cost estimate, and assist with travel, accommodation, hospital coordination, and follow-up in India.